Illegal mining—often a byproduct of unregulated or abandoned mine sites—is a persistent issue in South Africa. The recent tragedy at the Buffelsfontein Gold Mine near Stilfontein has highlighted the grim realities of informal mining practices, governance failures, and human rights concerns. With reports of over 100 deaths and more than 500 miners still trapped underground since mid-2024, the situation has sparked widespread criticism and raised questions about state accountability and humanitarian obligations.
The miners, many of whom are reportedly “zama zamas” (informal miners), were cut off from food and water supplies in November 2024 during a government crackdown on illegal mining. Authorities dismantled supply mechanisms and blocked access routes, justifying these measures by labeling the miners as “criminals.” This approach has drawn widespread condemnation from civic groups and families of the trapped miners.
Although a court ruling in December mandated the resumption of food, water, and medical aid, many believe these efforts are insufficient to address the dire conditions underground. The complexity of the rescue operation has further exacerbated the crisis, with survivors reporting perilous journeys to escape through treacherous underground routes.
Reference: National Herald