Context: The European Commission is taking steps to prohibit PFAS, often called “forever chemicals,” from consumer goods. This action is driven by increasing worries about the environmental and health risks associated with these chemicals, which are known for their extreme durability and tendency to accumulate in both the environment and human bodies.
What are PFAS? Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are man-made “forever chemicals” used in consumer products like furniture and food packaging. They are slow to degrade and accumulate in the body.
Key Facts:
- PFAS in Drinking Water and Cancer Risk: Communities with PFAS-contaminated drinking water have up to a 33% higher risk of certain cancers. This contributes to an estimated 6,864 cancer cases annually in the U.S.
- PFAS Prevalence: PFAS have been detected in approximately 45% of drinking water supplies across the United States.
- Researchers have discovered 11 genes impacted by PFAS, which helps explain how these chemicals can cause damage to the nervous system.
- A new University of Notre Dame study has found that fitness trackers and smartwatch bands also contain PFAS, a group of chemicals known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. The research, published in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, analyzed 22 watch bands of different brands and prices bought in the U.S. Many of these bands were made with fluoroelastomers, a synthetic rubber designed to resist sweat, oils, and lotions. The study revealed that nine of the tested bands had high levels of PFHxA, a specific type of PFAS.
The study linked PFAS exposure to cancers affecting the digestive system, endocrine system, respiratory system, and mouth and throat. Males also showed higher incidence of leukemia and cancers of the urinary system, brain, and soft tissues, while females had higher incidence of cancers in the thyroid, mouth, throat, and soft tissues.
Common sources of PFAS exposure in the home include:
- Water-resistant clothing: Items like raincoats, yoga pants, and shoes with water or stain-resistant finishes often contain PFAS.
- Shampoo: PFAS are added to some shampoos to improve texture, spreadability, and durability.
- Nail polish and other cosmetics: PFAS are used in cosmetics, including nail polish and eye makeup, for improved texture, durability, and to prevent smudging.
- Food packaging: Grease-resistant food packaging, such as pizza boxes and microwave popcorn bags, can contain PFAS. Heating food in this packaging can increase exposure.
- Nonstick cookware: While the most harmful type of PFAS (PFOA) has been largely phased out of nonstick cookware like Teflon, it’s still advisable to avoid overheating, using damaged cookware, and using metal utensils that can scratch the surface. Alternatives like ceramic, cast iron, or carbon steel are recommended.
- Drinking water: A significant portion of U.S. tap water is contaminated with PFAS(Study mentioned above), making it a major source of exposure. These chemicals accumulate in the body over time, increasing the risk of serious health problems.
